PBMs’ exclusion lists have steadily grown since the practice was first introduced in 2012. At present, Caremark, Express Scripts and OptumRx‘s exclusion lists each include about 600 medications. In 2022, each exclusion list contained about 550 products.
“Growth in the number of excluded drugs slowed for the second year, due partly to the fact that so many drugs have already been dropped from PBMs’ formulary,” according to the institute.
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