The American Medical Association released its 2027 Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code set Sept. 9, an update that adds 299 codes and continues to build out billing for clinical AI.
The set takes effect Jan. 1 and carries 453 total editorial changes: 299 new codes, 74 revisions and 80 deletions, the AMA said.
Ten of the new codes describe AI-related services, raising the total number of AI-related CPT codes to 43. The AMA also updated Appendix S, its taxonomy that sorts medical AI by how much of the work the machine does — assistive, augmentative or autonomous — and guides how new tools get coded.
“As new technologies and clinical approaches emerge, the nation’s health system needs a reliable way to describe the care physicians provide,” said AMA President Willie Underwood III, MD. Dr. Underwood said a physician-led coding system gives that work “unmatched scale, expertise and legitimacy.”
The set’s key clinical change, released in August, is a maternity coding overhaul that retires the decades-old global maternity bundle in favor of separate reporting across antepartum, labor, delivery and postpartum care.
Other 2027 updates span several service lines:
- Ventricular assist devices: three new codes, including for left ventricular assist devices, plus revised guidelines.
- Hernia repair: nine new codes for open, laparoscopic and thoracoscopic diaphragmatic repairs.
- Sleep medicine: six new codes for unattended sleep studies, including tests delivered outside traditional sleep centers.
- Prostate biopsy, biofeedback and radiology: updated codes, including a new time-based biofeedback structure and a new head and neck magnetic resonance angiography table.
For revenue cycle and physician leaders, the changes reset documentation and coding workflows across several service lines at once. The growing AI code library also signals that payers and providers are inching toward a shared way to bill for algorithmic tools that still largely lack one — 43 codes now, up from a handful a few years ago.
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