Researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using articles found in the PubMed and Embase databases from January of 2000 through April 2018. They identified eight studies involving 82,354 heart failure patients.
They found that heart failure patients who had received the flu vaccine experienced a reduced risk of all-cause mortality. Additionally, the effect of the vaccine was more pronounced during flu season as compared to non-flu season.
The researchers did not find any evidence of publication bias.
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